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AI Video from prompt: Remote Control: How Astrocytes Far from the Inju
Sora 2: Remote Control: How Astrocytes Far from the Injury Coordinate White Matter RecoveryA study by Joshua Burda's group at Ohio State University has revealed an unexpected mechanism of nervous tissue regeneration: astrocytes located far from the spinal cord injury site actively control white matter recovery processes. These lesion-remote astrocytes (LRAs) coordinate microglial activity through secretion of specialized signaling molecules, opening new therapeutic opportunities for treating injuries and demyelinating diseases.Molecular Mechanism: The CCN1-Microglia AxisFollowing spinal cord injury, LRAs dramatically upregulate expression of the Ccn1 gene, which encodes the secreted protein CCN1. This process begins three days post-injury and persists for several months, regulated by the transcriptional coactivator YAP1. CCN1-positive astrocytes are spatially associated with microglial nodes that actively remove myelin debris—a critical recovery stage. When the Ccn1 gene is deleted in astrocytes, microglia lose their ability to efficiently process lipid-rich myelin remnants, leading to chronic accumulation of cellular debris and impaired neurological recovery.Clinical Significance and Therapeutic PerspectivesCCN1-expressing astrocytes are found not only in traumatic injury but also in various demyelinating diseases in mice and humans, indicating their fundamental role in white matter restoration. The sustained activity of these cells up to 90 days post-injury opens an extended therapeutic window. Future strategies may target enhancement of the CCN1 pathway to stimulate endogenous repair mechanisms, shifting from broad immunosuppression toward precision modulation of glial interactions.
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